Nutritional wheat alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs) favor the development of murine autoimmune encephalopathy

Background and Aims: The only nutritional non-gluten wheat proteins that directly interact with the toll like receptor 4 (TLR4)-MD2-CD14 complex in cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system and activate the innate immune system in celiac disease and other autoimmune disease are the family of Alpha-amylase/trypsin inhibitors (ATIs). The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of dietary ATIs on murine experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE), a preclinical model of human multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Female mice (C57BL/6) were fed with a gluten/ATI-free diet for 4 weeks and thereafter EAE was induced b…