Prognostic factors of mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in the Tiotropium Safety and Performance in Respimat (TIOSPIR) trial

Background: Cardiovascular (CV) comorbidities in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients are frequent. We evaluated whether baseline variables can predict mortality and CV events in the TIOSPIR trial (17,116 COPD patients receiving tiotropium Respimat 5 or 2.5µg or HandiHaler 18µg for a mean of 2.3 yrs). Methods: Exploratory pooled analysis from TIOSPIR to determine prognostic factors for mortality, major adverse CV event (MACE), fatal MACE, myocardial infarction and stroke outcomes was performed. Results: Patients with the following characteristics had higher risk of death and/or CV event during t…