Amelioration of severe tardive dystonia and dyskinesia following pallidal deep brain stimulation

Objective: To evaluate the effect of chronic deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) in tardive dystonia (TD). Background: The medical treatment of tardive dystonia is notoriously difficult and often unsuccessful highlighting the need for new therapeutic strategies. Encouraging results after pallidotomy or pallidal DBS in levodopa-induced dystonia in Parkinson's Disease have led to renewed interest in the surgical treatment for clinically and etiologically varying forms of dystonia. To date there are only a few case reports of stereotactic procedures in medically refractory tardive dys…