Reconstruction techniques for forehead defects

The forehead as one of the major aesthetic units of the face presents certain challenges for reconstructive surgeons. These are the followings: a) maintaining the normal boundaries of the unit, specifically the temporal and frontal hairlines, as well as brow symmetry; b) preserving motor nerve and if possible, sensory nerve function; and c) optimal placement of surgical scars (brow, relaxed skin tension lines (RSTL), hairline). Forehead reconstruction is completed with much greater wound tension than other facial sites because of the paucity of available tissue and the proximity and immobility of the underlying…