Higher levels of peripheral natural killer cells in patients with primary recurrent miscarriage are associated with altered cytokine profile

Objectives: Natural killer cells (NK cells) are associated with recurrent miscarriage (RM). Elevated levels of NK cells as well as cytokine dysbalances RM have been described in recent studies. However, detailed mechanisms of regulation remain unknown and controversial debates are ongoing. The aim of this study was to identify factors regulating NK cell levels with focus on a high sensitive cytokine assay. Methods: In total n = 91 couples with ≥3 RM were identified. RM subgroups consisted of n = 53 pRM and n = 38 secondary RM (sRM). Mid-luteal phase peripheral blood was drawn in non-pregnant patients and CD45+CD…