The measurement of the knee joint position sense – Different test settings affecting the resulting angle reproduction error

Background The return to sports of an athlete after injury is a multifaceted and often challenging decision, made daily by clinicians, physiotherapists, and coaches. One important criterion is the state of the proprioceptive feedback mechanisms, which are required to determine an adequate movement pattern. Joint position sense tests, assessing a patient' s mobility and proprioceptive ability, play a crucial role in clinical evaluations. However, ones has to note that the application of these tests under different conditions can introduce biases in the reproduction error. This potentially leads to varying therape…