Risk of Type 1 Diabetes in children and adolescents born through elective and emergency Cesarean section: a meta-analysis

Cesarean section (CS) has been suggested to increase the risk of Type 1 Diabetes (T1DM) in the offspring. However, most studies do not highlight the difference between elective and emergency CS. This meta-analysis aims to elucidate T1DM risk in children and adolescents after elective or emergency CS compared to vaginal birth. A systematic literature search was done in MEDLINE, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Studies are included when effect sizes (or sufficient data) of elective and emergency CS and vaginal delivery on T1DM risk in children or adolescents are reported. Effect sizes was estimated in fixed and random…