Cardiac and cerebral manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome

Summary Aim: To describe cardiac and cerebral manifestations in eight patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome and a review of the literature. Patients and Methods: We studied eight patients with the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) with either cardiac or cerebral or both manifestations. All patients fulfilled the proposed classification criteria for the APS according to the SSC of the ISTH. One patient died and had an autopsy. Results: Five of the eight patients had coronary artery disease with either thrombotic coronary occlusions or high grade stenosis, of which three patients had an occlusion of the left m…