The development of toxin neutralising antibodies with botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) treatment

Background: Botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA: BOTOX®, Allergan, Inc.) has been studied in the treatment of a variety of disorders such as cervical dystonia (CD), chronic headache, and lower or upper limb spasticity. The development of neutralizing antibodies that interfere with clinical effectiveness is a risk of repeated exposure to BoNTA and is influenced by the dose, the treatment interval, the protein exposure, and proper injection technique. Objective: To assess the rate of neutralizing antibody formation with the current formulation of intramuscular injection of BoNTA in previously naive patients. Methods: An…