CT-urography and MR-urography of the urogenital tract

In contrast to intravenous urography (IVU), MR-urography (MRU) and CT-urography (CTU) provide images of both the lumen and surrounding structures of the upper urinary tract. MRU can be based on either static-fluid MRU, including heavily T2-weighted sequences, such as TSE, RARE, HASTE, SSFSE, or trueFISP, or gadolinium-enhanced excretory MRU, applying sequences such as fast T1-weighted 3D-GRE. T2-weighted MRU particularly visualizes the dilated urinary tract, even in non-excreting kidneys. In contrast, T1-weighted MRU reflects excretory renal function. Furosemide (5–10mg) improves uniform distribution of gadolini…