High glucose induces donors-specific cytokine response in primary human M1 and M2 macrophages

Hyperglycaemia is a key factor of diabetic pathology. Macrophages are essential regulators of inflammation that can be classified into two major types: classically (M1) and alternatively (M2) activated macrophages. Both populations play a role in diabetes. M1 are involved in the establishment and progression of insulin resistance and diabetes-associated inflammation, whereas M2 contribute to the decrease hyperglycaemia. However, the effect of hyperglycaemia on differentiation and functional programming of macrophages is poorly understood. We established unique model system based on primary human monocyte-derived…