The importance of isolated muscular ventricular septal defect (VSD) – diagnosed in the second trimester – for pregnancy and delivery

Purpose: The aim was to evaluate the prevalence of isolated muscular ventricular septal defects, the association with chromosomal anomalies, the rate of spontaneous closure and the importance of the delivery procedure. Material and methods: From January 2001 – December 2012 we carried out 23.500 fetal echocardiografies in the second trimester. Prevalence of VSDs were analyzed, furthermore the spontaneous closure rate, the rate of chromosomal anomalies. The frequency of caesarian section, natural delivery, forceps- and vacuum extraction delivery, preterm delivery and perinatal acidosis and other perinatal complic…