Rapidly-progressive Moyamoya syndrome associated with Bartonella henselae infection and Factor V Leiden mutation

Introduction: Moyamoya syndrome (MMS) is characterized by progressive stenosis of the distal internal carotid artery (ICA) and proximal cerebral arteries accompanied by an extensive collateral vascular network at the base of the brain. Case: We report on a now 24-month-old Caucasian girl who developed right-sided hemiparesis at age 19 months. An MRI revealed an infarction in the territory of the left median cerebral artery (MCA) also involving the border zones of the anterior and posterior cerebral artery. Evaluation for prothrombotic disorders disclosed a heterozygous factor V Leiden mutation (FVLM). Ig-M- and…