Nutcracker syndrome in children with proteinuria

The left renal vein entrapment (“Nutcracker syndrome“) is one of most underestimated causes of proteinuria in children. The introduction of sonographic assessment of the left renal vein to the diagnostic algorithm of proteinuria in children may simplify the finaal diagnosis. Purpose: The sonographic assessment of left renal vein (LRV) in children with proteinuria. Material and methods: 44 children with proteinuria aged 10 to 18 years has been studied. Group A –26 children with orthostatic proteinuria; Group B –18 children with biopsy proven glomerular proteinuria. In both groups sonographic evaluation of the LRV…