Seroconversion incidence of high and low risk antibody phenotypes in genetically at-risk children for type 1 diabetes

Objective: To identify periods of high seroconversion incidence of islet autoantibody phenotypes associated with progression to type 1 diabetes (T1D). Methods: Islet and thyroid autoantibody incidence per 1000 person-years was calculated in 2441 genetically at-risk children at age 9 months and 2, 5, 8, 11, 14 and 18 years. High-risk autoantibody phenotypes included multiple antibodies, high affinity single antibodies to insulin (IAA) and single antibodies to truncated glutamic acid decarboxylase (GADA) or high affinity single GADA. Low-risk phenotypes included low affinity single IAA and low affinity or truncate…