Deep brain stimulation of different anatomic structures in therapeutically refractory Tourette-syndrome

Objective: Tourette syndrome (TS) is a serious chronic neuropsychiatric disorder characterised by the chronic occurrence of motor and phonic tics. Despite utilization and combination of all known conventional therapeutic approaches, a number of seriously affected individuals fail to experience satisfactory treatment results. In light of initially successful experimental treatment of TS patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) this approach may, in the future, provide an alternative therapeutic option for pharmacologically and psychotherapeutically refractory individuals. To-date the majority of reported…