The effects of anaemia and red blood cell transfusion on cerebral oxygenation in neonates as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)

Purpose: Anaemia is a common condition among premature infants, especially in those undergoing intensive care and long-lasting hospitalisation. Left untreated, with the brain as the most sensitive organ to oxygen supply, severe anaemia can lead to a hypoxic brain dysfunction. The current guidelines for red blood cell (RBC) transfusion are based on specific haematocrit (Hct) or haemoglobin (Hb) levels, infant age and clinical status. Hct and Hb concentration corresponds approximately to the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood. A reduced oxygen-carrying capacity in severely anaemic neonates may lead to tissue hy…