Influence of IL–1β and IL–1 receptor antagonist on T-cell adhesion to hepatic endothelial cells: a potential implication for leukocyte recruitment in HCC

Background/Aim: Lymphocyte adhesion and transmigration through endothelial cells are prerequisites for the effective enrichment of cytotoxic T-cells into the tumor during anti-tumor immune response. Cytokines produced in the tumor microenvironment influence the expression of specific adhesion molecules on endothelial cells and, therefore, modulate recruitment of immune cells into the tumor tissue. Interleukin–1β (IL–1β) is an important proinflammatory cytokine with variety of functions and interleukin–1 receptor antagonist (IL–1RN) is its natural antagonist that binds to IL–1 receptor without activating. The aim…