Virotherapy overcomes tumor resistance to PD-1-immunotherapy by broad mutanome-directed T cell responses in mice

Recently, immune checkpoint blockade has been established as a novel generic immunotherapy of solid tumors. Since pre-existing antitumoral T-cell responses appear to be a precondition for the success of PD-1-immunotherapy, concomitant cancer vaccinations have been investigated but did not affect the clinical outcome. Therefore, we investigated whether localized oncolytic virotherapy is capable to overcome resistance to PD-1-immunotherapy. First, we analysed putative neoantigens in selected cell lines. The PD-1 sensitive cell line Hepa1 – 6 revealed 1741 non-synonymous single nucleotide variants suggesting a hype…