The relationship between pregnant women’s traumatic birth perceptions and birth beliefs and prenatal attachment

Abstract Background and Aims Traumatic perceptions of childbirth and beliefs about the birth process may influence the emotional bond formed between a mother and her unborn baby. This study aimed to examine the relationships between traumatic birth perception, birth beliefs, and prenatal attachment in pregnant women. Methods This descriptive and correlational study was conducted between December 2024 and June 2025 in the antenatal outpatient clinic of a hospital located in the Central Anatolia region of Türkiye. A total of 390 pregnant individuals who attended the clinic during the study period were included. Da…